THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD

Ancient marvels
The pyramids
Hanging gardens of Babylon
Statue of Zeus at Olympia
Temple of Diana at Ephesus
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
Colossus of Rhodes
Pharos at Alexandria

THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD

Ancient marvels

Antipater, a Greek author living in the Phoenician port of Sidon, lists in one of his poems the most remarkable creations of mankind. They are seven in number: the pyramids of Egypt; the hanging gardens of Babylon; the walls of Babylon; the statue of Zeus at Olympia; the temple of Artemis at Ephesus; the mausoleum of Halicarnassus; the Colossus of Rhodes.

His list is the basis of the Seven Wonders of the World, much repeated ever since. Posterity makes one change. It seems a waste for Babylon to have two of the wonders. By about the 8th century AD the walls of Babylon have dropped out, to be replaced by the lighthouse of Alexandria.

The pyramids: c.2500 BC

The three pyramids at Giza, a few miles southwest of Cairo, are by far the earliest of Antipater's seven wonders. The largest of the pyramids, built as the tomb of the pharaoh Khufu (known to the Greeks as Cheops), dates from about 2500 BC. No building in the subsequent 4500 years of history has matched this pyramid for sheer bulk. Nearby, and only slightly smaller, are the pyramids created for Khufu's son and grandson, Khafre and Menkure.

The next in date, among the Seven Wonders, follows a very long gap of two millennia. It is the hanging gardens of Babylon.

The hanging gardens of Babylon: c.580 BC

No archaeological trace has been found of the hanging gardens, but tradition assigns them to the reign of Nebuchadnezzar in the last years of Babylon's greatness. One story says that he built them to console a wife, homesick in this flat region for the landscape of her childhood, the mountainous country of the Medes. They are 'hanging' gardens in the sense that the plants appear to float in the air, growing on different levels of artificial terraces irrigated from the Euphrates.

The other five wonders are all connected with Greek civilization. They include the most sacred statue of the entire Greek cult, the image of Zeus at Olympia.

The statue of Zeus at Olympia: c.430 BC

The statue of Zeus is the centerpiece of the god's temple at Olympia. About seven times life-size, it shows him seated on a throne. In one hand, he holds the winged figure which to the Greeks symbolizes victory; in the other is a scepter surmounted by an eagle. The surface of the statue is gold and ivory. In the eyes of the ancient world, this is the masterpiece of the great sculptor Phidias, surpassing even his earlier statue of Athena (also of gold and ivory) for the Parthenon in Athens.

The discovery of the workshop of Phidias at Olympia has enabled archaeologists to date the statue of Zeus to the years around 430 BC. Both the temple and the statue are destroyed in the 5th century AD.

The temple of Diana at Ephesus: c.550 BC

The fourth and fifth wonders of the world are in western Turkey. The temple of Artemis (or Diana) at Ephesus is built in about 550 BC by a man whose name has become a byword for wealth - Croesus, king of Lydia. In keeping with his image, the temple is outstandingly large. But it also contains a famous and unusual statue of Artemis.

This Artemis is not the virgin huntress of Greek myth. She is a local fertility goddess, festooned with swathes of pendulous objects variously interpreted as breasts, eggs or even, it has been argued, testicles (the chief priest of Ephesus is always a eunuch). The temple of Artemis is destroyed by Goths in AD 262.

The mausoleum at Halicarnassus: c.350 BC

Halicarnassus in southwest Turkey (the modern Bodrum) is selected as a new capital in the 4th century BC by the ruler of a small kingdom, Caria. The king is Mausoleums, who dies in about 353 BC. His spectacular tomb, built for him by his widow Artemisia (she is also his sister), has given the world a new word, 'mausoleum'. It is adorned with sculptures, including a frieze of the battle between the Greeks and the female Amazons.

The temple stands until the 12th century AD when it is damaged by an earthquake and later plundered for building materials. Many fragments of the sculptures are in the British Museum.

The Colossus of Rhodes: 292 BC

A giant bronze statue of Helios the sun god, known subsequently as the Colossus of Rhodes, is put up to celebrate the city's survival of a long siege in 305-4 BC. Reinforced with iron and about 30 meters high, it takes some twelve years (292-280 BC) to build and erect beside the harbor. The image of the colossus straddling the harbor entrance is a medieval invention.

Before the end of the 3rd century BC, an earthquake snaps the statue off at the knees. It lies, a humbled giant, until AD 653 when the Arabs captured the island. They break it up for scrap and require, it is said, more than 900 camels to cart it away.

The Pharos at Alexandria: c.280 BC

The sun god Helios features also in the last of the seven wonders. This is the lighthouse put up on the island of Pharos at Alexandria (as a result Pharos becomes the Greek word for any lighthouse). It consists of a three-tier stone tower, said to be more than 120 meters high, which has within it a broad spiral ramp leading up to a platform where fires burn at night. They are reflected out to sea by metal mirrors. Above the fires is a huge statue, of either Alexander or Ptolemy in the guise of Helios.

The lighthouse survives until the 12th century. In the 15th century a fort, still standing today, is built on its ruins.

You may book one of our Private Istanbul Tours to explore Istanbul and Turkey in a way that has never been seen before. For more information regarding private tours in Istanbul please contact us:
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Is it safe to travel to Istanbul? 

Although Istanbul seems like a risky place due to the region we are in, the fact that terror is globalizing and threatening the whole world means that Istanbul is no more at risk than other cities.

Travel advisories are issued by trained and competent authorities who have access to information way beyond the published reports. These advisories are prepared according to a protocol. All travel advisories are political tools of governments and they are written by low-level bureaucrats who have never stepped foot in Istanbul. 

To me, some people are just bored at home and add questionable posts online. Many of us already know the answer, so it's like a record that skips again & again. 

I am not trying to prove something. I just like you guys to be realized and enjoy your travels without too much stress of being cautious. Just be as careful as you are in Paris, New York, Brussels, etc.

Travel. Don't overthink. And if you don't go to Istanbul, you don't even know what you are missing out on. London and Paris have more risk than Istanbul. Yes, we have borders with Iraq and Syria but necessary precautions are taken. But, none of us has a crystal ball to tell you where and when will be the next terror attack. So, like many other foreign tourists wish you would enjoy the beauties of Istanbul.

I am sorry but I must add: Americans have not frequently been targets of crime or terror abroad.

If you check the damage of terror in the world you will end up seeing that Americans are the minority.

Mostly, Muslims who are already in the middle east and European locals and Africans has been targets of crime or terror.

Americans have not frequently been targets of crime as well since Americans are not only people who travel. No need to example of yourself. I can easily give example about my bad travel experiences too.

Enjoy Istanbul on your holiday without undue fear, particularly fear of being somehow targeted because of your nationality, ethnicity or religion. It's an amazing city. Simply follow the golden rule and you'll have a wonderful time with no problems.

The only thing you need to be careful is Taxi drivers as a tourist. They are not dangerous enough to harm people but they are mostly trying to rip off and rude 😉

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If you're considering a visit to Istanbul, We're Istanbul locals and we love our city.

  

Istanbul Old City Walk - Classical Istanbul Tour: 

You are going to meet with your guide at 09.00 am at your hotel reception. Together we will walk/drive to the old city. This is a full day walking tour, as all the places are less than 5 minutes walking distance from each other.

The tour starts at the Hippodrome, a center for sports activities and ceremonies and it is also famous for the chariot races during the Roman and the Byzantine era.

After the Hippodrome, we will visit Blue Mosque. The Blue Mosque is the second-largest mosque in Istanbul and it was built during the Ottoman Period. It is known for its blue Iznik tiles and being the only Ottoman mosque with 6 minarets.

Then we will visit Topkapi Palace, which was the main palace of the Ottoman Sultans until 1856. Many famous exhibitions are housed in the palace. The Imperial Treasury is another part of the palace and it has an 86-carat diamond on display. We will have a splendid view of the Bosporus and the Golden Horn from the palace.

After here we will have a lunch break and continue to Hagia Sophia, one of the most important buildings in the history of world architecture. Built as a church by the Byzantines and decorated with mosaic tile icons, it then served as a mosque during the Ottoman era. You will be impressed by being in a 1500 years old museum.

The tour ends with a visit to the Grand Bazaar. It is the largest bazaar in the world with its 52 small streets and more than 4000 shops.

You may book one of our Private Istanbul Tours to explore Istanbul on her offers. For more information regarding private tours in Istanbul please contact us:
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